如何配置go语言集成开发环境 vim

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如何配置go语言集成开发环境 vim,第1张

1、编译vimgdb

下载vimgdb73和vim73

mkdir -p ./tmp

cd tmp

tar zxvf ../vim-7.3.tar.gz

unzip ../vimgdb-for-vim7.3-master.zip

mv vimgdb-for-vim7.3-master vimgdb-for-vim7.3

patch -p0 <vimgdb-for-vim7.3/vim73.patch

cd vim73

安装依赖

sudo apt-get install build-essential

sudo apt-get build-dep vim-gtk

sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

安装

// 这里直接执行make的操作

make

sudo make install

安装vimgdb runtime

cd ../vimgdb-for-vim7.3

cp vimgdb_runtime ~/.vim/bundle

打开vim

:helptags ~/.vim/bundle/vimgdb_runtime/doc " 生成doc文件

添加配置.vimrc

" vimgdb插件

run macros/gdb_mappings.vim

在vim中执行gdb时,报 “Unable to read from GDB pseudo tty” 的错误,因为没有安装 gdb ,所以安装gdb

sudo apt-get install gdb

2、安装vundle

set up vundle

$ git clone https://github.com/gmarik/vundle.git ~/.vim/bundle/vundle

Configure Plugins

在.vimrc文件的开头添加下面的内容,有些不是必须的,可以注掉

set nocompatible " be iMproved, required

filetype off " required

" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize

set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/vundle/

call vundle#rc()

" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins

"let path = '~/some/path/here'

"call vundle#rc(path)

" let Vundle manage Vundle, required

Plugin 'gmarik/vundle'

" The following are examples of different formats supported.

" Keep Plugin commands between here and filetype plugin indent on.

" scripts on GitHub repos

Plugin 'tpope/vim-fugitive'

Plugin 'Lokaltog/vim-easymotion'

Plugin 'tpope/vim-rails.git'

" The sparkup vim script is in a subdirectory of this repo called vim.

" Pass the path to set the runtimepath properly.

Plugin 'rstacruz/sparkup', {'rtp': 'vim/'}

" scripts from http://vim-scripts.org/vim/scripts.html

Plugin 'L9'

Plugin 'FuzzyFinder'

" scripts not on GitHub

Plugin 'git://git.wincent.com/command-t.git'

" git repos on your local machine (i.e. when working on your own plugin)

Plugin 'file:///home/gmarik/path/to/plugin'

" ...

filetype plugin indent on " required

" To ignore plugin indent changes, instead use:

"filetype plugin on

"

" Brief help

" : PluginList - list configured plugins

" : PluginInstall(!)- install (update) plugins

" : PluginSearch(!) foo - search (or refresh cache first) for foo

" : PluginClean(!) - confirm (or auto-approve) removal of unused plugins

"

" see :h vundle for more details or wiki for FAQ

" NOTE: comments after Plugin commands are not allowed.

" Put your stuff after this line

Install Plugins

Launch vim and run

: PluginInstall

vim +PluginInstall +qall

3、官方vim-lang插件

Config vim file .vimrc,Add content bellow in bottom of the file

" 官方的插件

" Some Linux distributions set filetype in /etc/vimrc.

" Clear filetype flags before changing runtimepath to force Vim to

" reload them.

filetype off

filetype plugin indent off

set runtimepath+=$GOROOT/misc/vim

filetype plugin indent on

syntax on

autocmd FileType go autocmd BufWritePre Fmt

4、代码补全的插件gocode

配置go的环境变量,比如我的配置,GOPATH变量是必须要配置的,PATH中必须把GOPATH的bin也添加进去,否则没有自动提示,会提示找不到模式

export GOROOT=/usr/local/go

export GOPATH=/data/app/gopath

export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin

Set up gocode

Then you need to get the appropriate version of the gocode, for 6g/8g/5g compiler you can do this:

go get -u github.com/nsf/gocode (-u flag for "update")

Configure vim in .vimrc file

Plugin 'nsf/gocode', {'rtp': 'vim/'}

Install Plugins

Launch vim and run

: PluginInstall

vim +PluginInstall +qall

写一个helloword程序,输入fmt后按<C-x><C-o>如果能看到函数的声明展示出来,说明安装是正确的。

4、代码跳转提示godef

Set up godef

go get -v code.google.com/p/rog-go/exp/cmd/godef

go install -v code.google.com/p/rog-go/exp/cmd/godef

git clone https://github.com/dgryski/vim-godef ~/.vim/bundle/vim-godef

Configure vim in .vimrc file

Bundle 'dgryski/vim-godef'

Install Plugins

Launch vim and run

: PluginInstall

vim +PluginInstall +qall

5、代码结构提示gotags

Set up gotags

go get -u github.com/jstemmer/gotags

Put the following configuration in your vimrc:

Bundle 'majutsushi/tagbar'

nmap :TagbarToggle

let g:tagbar_type_go = {

\ 'ctagstype' : 'go',

\ 'kinds' : [

\ 'p:package',

\ 'i:imports:1',

\ 'c:constants',

\ 'v:variables',

\ 't:types',

\ 'n:interfaces',

\ 'w:fields',

\ 'e:embedded',

\ 'm:methods',

\ 'r:constructor',

\ 'f:functions'

\ ],

\ 'sro' : '.',

\ 'kind2scope' : {

\ 't' : 'ctype',

\ 'n' : 'ntype'

\ },

\ 'scope2kind' : {

\ 'ctype' : 't',

\ 'ntype' : 'n'

\ },

\ 'ctagsbin' : 'gotags',

\ 'ctagsargs' : '-sort -silent'

\ }

命令模式下按在右边就会显示当前文件下的函数名,结构体名等等,光标放到相应的tag上,按回车可以快速跳到程序中的相应位置。

再次按会关闭tag窗口。

PS:本地的.vimrc的配置

" 插件管理器 vundle

set nocompatible " be iMproved, required

filetype off " required

" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize

set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/vundle/

call vundle#rc()

" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins

"let path = '~/some/path/here'

"call vundle#rc(path)

" let Vundle manage Vundle, required

Plugin 'gmarik/vundle'

" The following are examples of different formats supported.

" Keep Plugin commands between here and filetype plugin indent on.

" scripts on GitHub repos

" Plugin 'tpope/vim-fugitive'

" Plugin 'Lokaltog/vim-easymotion'

" Plugin 'tpope/vim-rails.git'

" The sparkup vim script is in a subdirectory of this repo called vim.

" Pass the path to set the runtimepath properly.

" Plugin 'rstacruz/sparkup', {'rtp': 'vim/'}

" scripts from http://vim-scripts.org/vim/scripts.html

" Plugin 'L9'

" Plugin 'FuzzyFinder'

" scripts not on GitHub

" Plugin 'git://git.wincent.com/command-t.git'

" git repos on your local machine (i.e. when working on your own plugin)

" Plugin 'file:///home/gmarik/path/to/plugin'

" ...

"

filetype plugin indent on " required

" To ignore plugin indent changes, instead use:

" filetype plugin on

"

" Brief help

" : PluginList - list configured plugins

" : PluginInstall(!) - install (update) plugins

" : PluginSearch(!) foo - search (or refresh cache first) for foo

" : PluginClean(!) - confirm (or auto-approve) removal of unused plugins

"

" see :h vundle for more details or wiki for FAQ

" NOTE: comments after Plugin commands are not allowed.

" Put your stuff after this line

syntax on

" ********************************************************************

" 这里省略了其它不相关的插件

" vimgdb插件

run macros/gdb_mappings.vim

" 官方的插件

" Some Linux distributions set filetype in /etc/vimrc.

" Clear filetype flags before changing runtimepath to force Vim to

" reload them.

filetype off

filetype plugin indent off

set runtimepath+=$GOROOT/misc/vim

filetype plugin indent on

syntax on

autocmd FileType go autocmd BufWritePre <buffer>Fmt

" 代码补全的插件

Bundle 'Blackrush/vim-gocode'

" 代码跳转提示

Bundle 'dgryski/vim-godef'

" 代码结构提示

Bundle 'majutsushi/tagbar'

nmap <F8>:TagbarToggle<CR>

let g:tagbar_type_go = {

\ 'ctagstype' : 'go',

\ 'kinds' : [

\ 'p:package',

\ 'i:imports:1',

\ 'c:constants',

\ 'v:variables',

\ 't:types',

\ 'n:interfaces',

\ 'w:fields',

\ 'e:embedded',

\ 'm:methods',

\ 'r:constructor',

\ 'f:functions'

\ ],

\ 'sro' : '.',

\ 'kind2scope' : {

\ 't' : 'ctype',

\ 'n' : 'ntype'

\ },

\ 'scope2kind' : {

\ 'ctype' : 't',

\ 'ntype' : 'n'

\ },

\ 'ctagsbin' : 'gotags',

\ 'ctagsargs' : '-sort -silent'

\ }

1、下载go的zip文件。并且一定要把文件解压到c:\go目录下。

2、配置windows的高级环境变量。包括:GOROOT、GOOS、GOBIN、GOARCH。并且在path变量里面把c:\go\bin加入。以便可以在命令行直接运行go命令。

举例:我的机器:

GOPATH= c:\goc:\go\srcF:\workspace\goSample01

GOBIN=c:\go\binF:\workspace\goSample01\bin

其中,c:\go是go的安装路径;

F:\workspace\goSample01是我写的go语言项目的工程目录;

F:\workspace\goSample01\bin是go语言项目的工程目录下的可执行文件路径

3、在完成环境变量配置后,打开一个命令行窗口,直接输入go,然后回车,看看是否出现go的帮助信息。如果出现,那么go的基本环境就OK了。

注意:这个基本环境不包含开发工具,也不能直接编译带C代码的go程序。

4、

(可选)为了支持Import远程包,最好装个gomingw。下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/gomingw

/downloads/list。如果下的是压缩包,请把它解压到C盘。例如,C:\gowin-env。里面有个Console.bat是以后使用go

get的环境。举例:有个文件a.go,里面import(

"fmt"

"github.com/astaxie/beedb"

_ "github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv"

为了编译该a.go文件,需要启动Console.bat,然后在该命令行窗口,进入c:\go\src目录下,执行go getgithub.com/astaxie/beedb

Go get github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv .

Go会自动下载该远程包并编译和安装这些包。

配置goclipse(可选)

(如果不喜欢eclipse开发工具,请跳过这个配置。)

1、下载并安装goclipse插件。Goclipse是go语言for eclipse的插件,下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/goclipse/

2、启动eclipse并创建go项目。然后写个最简单的helloworld.go文件,并运行。代码如下:

packagemainimport"fmt"func main(){fmt.Printf("hello, world")}

配置gocode(可选)

如果不需要go语法辅助和eclipse里面的(按ALT+/)弹出go语言自动辅助功能,请跳过这个配置。

1、下载gocode的zip文件,解压后放在go的bin目录下。

2、下载并安装Git软件。并且在path里面配置git的执行路径。例如c:\git\bin

3、在命令行执行:go build .\gocode。如果一切正常,那么将会编译生成一个gocode.exe文件在go的bin目录下。如果编译失败,那么就转第4步。

4、如果第3步直接编译gocode源文件成功,那就直接到第5步。否则,就需要通过git下载gocode源文件,然后再编译。在命令行执行:go get -u github.com/nsf/gocode 。就会生成gocode.exe文件。

5、在goclipse插件里面指定gocode的路径。就可以在elcipse里面调用gocode来帮助写编码了。

从开发工具这块看,go语言还不够成熟,开发工具都还不完善,有待改进。

下载go-tour教程源代码(可选)

Google有个在线运行go语言的教程(http://tour.golang.org/#2),很不错。支持在web上直接运行大部分的go程序,想了解这个教程的源代码的朋友可以通过以下方式获取。如果没兴趣,可以跳过这个步骤。

1、下载安装Mercurial软件。

2、在命令行下输入:

hg clone

作为测试用的。如果把http改成https协议,下载就会失败。搞不懂。

编译带调用C代码的go文件(可选)

1、为了在windows下编译带C代码的go程序,你首先需要下载并安装MinGW或者Cygwin。

2、首选安装MinGW。在安装MinGW之后,记得要把MinGW安装目录\bin路径设置在path环境变量里面,以便能在dos窗口下直接调用gcc。

3、下载一个gowin-env。下载地址:gowin-env。下载后解压到某个目录下,例如:C:\gowin-env. 然后,编辑go-env.bat。配置相关的go参数。例如,我的配置是:

set GOARCH=386

set GOOS=windows

set GOROOT=c:\go

set GOBIN=%GOROOT%\bin

set GOPATH=%GOROOT%F:\workspace\goSample01

设置好go-env.bat后,就可以点击Console.bat来启动编译和运行窗口。

4、编写一个带C代码的go程序。例如,testc.go

5、编译

例如:

go build -compiler gccgo test_c.go

运行调用C代码的go文件(可选)

1、testc.go.

创建rand目录,然后在rand里面创建testc.go. 代码如下:

package rand

/*

//

#include <stdio.h>

*/

import "C"

func PrintHello() {

C.puts(C.CString("Hello, world\n"))

}

2、a.go

在rand下创建a.go.代码如下:

package rand

import "fmt"

func SayHello(name string){

fmt.Println(name)

}

3、test_import.go

在rand的上一级创建test_import.go。代码如下:

package main

import "./rand"

func main(){

rand.SayHello("tom")

rand.PrintHello()

}

4、运行test_import.go

go run test_import.go

在测试其它几个C代码的时候,发现windows版本的cgo还有些编译问题,同样的代码转移到苹果的XCODE下就没有问题。后来终于发现原因了,原来有些例子是unix平台下的,而在windows平台下,方法名和参数需要做调整。

例如:下面代码在windows下编译报一堆错误。

package rand

/*

#include <stdlib.h>

*/

import "C"

func Random() int {

return int(C.random())

}

func Seed(i int) {

C.srandom(C.uint(i))

}

这里需要把return int(C.random()) 修改为“return int(C.rand())”

C.srandom(C.uint(i))修改为“C.srand(C.uint(i))”编译就OK了。