>sampInfo=read.table("/media/xxx/sampInfo_origin.txt", na.strings=c("", "NA"), sep="\t", header=T)Error in make.names(col.names, unique = TRUE) : invalid multibyte string at '<ff><fe>R'In addition: Warning messages:1: In read.table("/media/xxx/sampInfo_origin.txt", : line 1 appears to contain embedded nulls2: In read.table("/media/xxx/sampInfo_origin.txt", : line 2 appears to contain embedded nulls3: In read.table("/media/xxx/sampInfo_origin.txt", : line 3 appears to contain embedded nulls4: In read.table("/media/xxx/sampInfo_origin.txt", : line 4 appears to contain embedded nulls5: In read.table("/media/albert/xxx/sampInfo_origin.txt", : line 5 appears to contain embedded nulls
解决方法一：fileEncoding="UTF16LE"或者fileEncoding="UTF16"
>sampInfo=read.table("/media/xxx/sampInfo_origin.txt", fileEncoding="UTF16LE", sep="\t", header=T)>sampInfo=read.table("/media/xxx/sampInfo_origin.txt", fileEncoding="UTF16", sep="\t", header=T)>head(sampInfo) Run Sample_Name age ancestry arthropathymeds biologics das_score1 SRRxxx72 GSMxxx25 66 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA2 SRRxxx73 GSMxxx26 72 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA3 SRRxxx75 GSMxxx28 61 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA4 SRRxxx74 GSMxxx27 72 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA5 SRRxxx76 GSMxxx29 50 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA6 SRRxxx77 GSMxxx30 59 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA disease_activity donor gender leflumide nsaids othermeds phenotype1 <NA> C137 male <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy2 <NA> C141 male <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy3 <NA> C383 male <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy4 <NA> C148 female <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy5 <NA> C391 female <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy6 <NA> C392 female <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy classification status plaquenil rituximab steroids sulfasalazine tissue1 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood2 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood3 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood4 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood5 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood6 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood
解决方法二：在Excel中打开，另存为csv文件即可。
>sampInfo=read.csv("/media/xxx/sampInfo_origin.csv", comment.char = "#", sep=",", header=T)>head(sampInfo) Run Sample_Name age ancestry arthropathymeds biologics das_score1 SRRxxx72 GSMxxx25 66 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA2 SRRxxx73 GSMxxx26 72 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA3 SRRxxx75 GSMxxx28 61 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA4 SRRxxx74 GSMxxx27 72 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA5 SRRxxx76 GSMxxx29 50 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA6 SRRxxx77 GSMxxx30 59 <NA> <NA> <NA> NA disease_activity donor gender leflumide nsaids othermeds phenotype1 <NA> C137 male <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy2 <NA> C141 male <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy3 <NA> C383 male <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy4 <NA> C148 female <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy5 <NA> C391 female <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy6 <NA> C392 female <NA> <NA> <NA> Healthy classification status plaquenil rituximab steroids sulfasalazine tissue1 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood2 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood3 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood4 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood5 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood6 H H <NA> <NA><NA> <NA> Blood
解决方法三：在linux系统里将sampInfo_origin.txt用gedit打开，另存为sampInfo_origin01.txt，“Character Encoding” 改为 UTF-8， “Line ending”改为“Unix/Linux”。
>sampInfo=read.table("/media/xxx
（供自己记录）adj位置调整
ask询问
bg背景
bty图形边框风格，o四边都有边框，l左边和下边，7右边和上边，c上边、左边和下边，
cex设置点和字符的大小，axis坐标轴上标签字的大小，lab坐标轴上命名的大小，main标题的大小，sub副标题的大小，col颜色。
family字体的风格，
fg前景颜色
font图片字体的风格，字体，粗体，斜体
las坐标轴的运行关系，坐标轴上的字和坐标轴的关系，字会转
lend线的两端的样式
lty线的形式,直线、虚线
lwd线的粗细
Mai、mar、mex画布的大小
Mfcol、mfrow是来切分画布的，放几个fig在画布中，两个功能一样
pch是用来定义点的形状的，有25个形状
srt用来定义图中的文字的角度
Txk坐标轴上的刻度的大小，刻度的字体大小
Xaxt/yaxt不想要坐标轴的标签
Xlog/ylog是x轴和y轴设置为log值
Xpd把绘图区设置为整个画布
Fig表示图形的四个角的位置
New是在图中生成图
输入了函数对象名称，可以直接看到代码的，如要获得函数对象fivenum的代码，就只需要在Console中键入函数对象名称fivenum就可以得到如下结果：function (x, na.rm = TRUE)
{
xna <- is.na(x)
if (na.rm)
x <- x[!xna]
else if (any(xna))
return(rep.int(NA, 5))
x <- sort(x)
n <- length(x)
if (n == 0)
rep.int(NA, 5)
else {
n4 <- floor((n + 3)/2)/2
d <- c(1, n4, (n + 1)/2, n + 1 - n4, n)
0.5 * (x[floor(d)] + x[ceiling(d)])
}
}
