说明：
本次的教程主要是对微信公众平台开发者模式的讲解，网络上很多类似文章，但很多都让初学微信开发的人一头雾水，所以总结自己的微信开发经验，将微信开发的整个过程系统的列出，并对主要代码进行讲解分析，让初学者尽快上手。
在阅读本文之前，应对微信公众平台的官方开发文档有所了解，知道接收和发送的都是xml格式的数据。另外，在做内容回复时用到了图灵机器人的api接口，这是一个自然语言解析的开放平台，可以帮我们解决整个微信开发过程中最困难的问题，此处不多讲，下面会有其详细的调用方式。
1.1 在登录微信官方平台之后，开启开发者模式，此时需要我们填写url和token，所谓url就是我们自己服务器的接口，用WechatServlet.java来实现，相关解释已经在注释中说明，代码如下：
[java] view plain copy
package demo.servlet
import java.io.BufferedReader
import java.io.IOException
import java.io.InputStream
import java.io.InputStreamReader
import java.io.OutputStream
import javax.servlet.ServletException
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse
import demo.process.WechatProcess
/**
* 微信服务端收发消息接口
*
* @author pamchen-1
*
*/
public class WechatServlet extends HttpServlet {
/**
* The doGet method of the servlet. <br>
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
*
* @param request
* the request send by the client to the server
* @param response
* the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException
* if an error occurred
* @throws IOException
* if an error occurred
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8")
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8")
/** 读取接收到的xml消息 */
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer()
InputStream is = request.getInputStream()
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8")
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr)
String s = ""
while ((s = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(s)
}
String xml = sb.toString() //次即为接收到微信端发送过来的xml数据
String result = ""
/** 判断是否是微信接入激活验证，只有首次接入验证时才会收到echostr参数，此时需要把它直接返回 */
String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr")
if (echostr != null && echostr.length() > 1) {
result = echostr
} else {
//正常的微信处理流程
result = new WechatProcess().processWechatMag(xml)
}
try {
OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream()
os.write(result.getBytes("UTF-8"))
os.flush()
os.close()
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
}
/**
* The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to
* post.
*
* @param request
* the request send by the client to the server
* @param response
* the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException
* if an error occurred
* @throws IOException
* if an error occurred
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response)
}
}
1.2 相应的web.xml配置信息如下，在生成WechatServlet.java的同时，可自动生成web.xml中的配置。前面所提到的url处可以填写例如：http//服务器地址/项目名/wechat.do
[html] view plain copy
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<servlet>
<description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
<display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
<servlet-name>WechatServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>demo.servlet.WechatServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>WechatServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/wechat.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
1.3 通过以上代码，我们已经实现了微信公众平台开发的框架，即开通开发者模式并成功接入、接收消息和发送消息这三个步骤。
下面就讲解其核心部分——解析接收到的xml数据，并以文本类消息为例，通过图灵机器人api接口实现智能回复。
2.1 首先看一下整体流程处理代码，包括：xml数据处理、调用图灵api、封装返回的xml数据。
[java] view plain copy
package demo.process
import java.util.Date
import demo.entity.ReceiveXmlEntity
/**
* 微信xml消息处理流程逻辑类
* @author pamchen-1
*
*/
public class WechatProcess {
/**
* 解析处理xml、获取智能回复结果（通过图灵机器人api接口）
* @param xml 接收到的微信数据
* @return 最终的解析结果（xml格式数据）
*/
public String processWechatMag(String xml){
/** 解析xml数据 */
ReceiveXmlEntity xmlEntity = new ReceiveXmlProcess().getMsgEntity(xml)
/** 以文本消息为例，调用图灵机器人api接口，获取回复内容 */
String result = ""
if("text".endsWith(xmlEntity.getMsgType())){
result = new TulingApiProcess().getTulingResult(xmlEntity.getContent())
}
/** 此时，如果用户输入的是“你好”，在经过上面的过程之后，result为“你也好”类似的内容
* 因为最终回复给微信的也是xml格式的数据，所有需要将其封装为文本类型返回消息
* */
result = new FormatXmlProcess().formatXmlAnswer(xmlEntity.getFromUserName(), xmlEntity.getToUserName(), result)
return result
}
}
2.2 解析接收到的xml数据，此处有两个类，ReceiveXmlEntity.java和ReceiveXmlProcess.java，通过反射的机制动态调用实体类中的set方法，可以避免很多重复的判断，提高代码效率，代码如下：
[java] view plain copy
package demo.entity
/**
* 接收到的微信xml实体类
* @author pamchen-1
*
*/
public class ReceiveXmlEntity {
private String ToUserName=""
private String FromUserName=""
private String CreateTime=""
private String MsgType=""
private String MsgId=""
private String Event=""
private String EventKey=""
private String Ticket=""
private String Latitude=""
private String Longitude=""
private String Precision=""
private String PicUrl=""
private String MediaId=""
private String Title=""
private String Description=""
private String Url=""
private String Location_X=""
private String Location_Y=""
private String Scale=""
private String Label=""
private String Content=""
private String Format=""
private String Recognition=""
public String getRecognition() {
return Recognition
}
public void setRecognition(String recognition) {
Recognition = recognition
}
public String getFormat() {
return Format
}
public void setFormat(String format) {
Format = format
}
public String getContent() {
return Content
}
public void setContent(String content) {
Content = content
}
public String getLocation_X() {
return Location_X
}
public void setLocation_X(String locationX) {
Location_X = locationX
}
public String getLocation_Y() {
return Location_Y
}
public void setLocation_Y(String locationY) {
Location_Y = locationY
}
public String getScale() {
return Scale
}
public void setScale(String scale) {
Scale = scale
}
public String getLabel() {
return Label
}
public void setLabel(String label) {
Label = label
}
public String getTitle() {
return Title
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
Title = title
}
public String getDescription() {
return Description
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
Description = description
}
public String getUrl() {
return Url
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
Url = url
}
public String getPicUrl() {
return PicUrl
}
public void setPicUrl(String picUrl) {
PicUrl = picUrl
}
public String getMediaId() {
return MediaId
}
public void setMediaId(String mediaId) {
MediaId = mediaId
}
public String getEventKey() {
return EventKey
}
public void setEventKey(String eventKey) {
EventKey = eventKey
}
public String getTicket() {
return Ticket
}
public void setTicket(String ticket) {
Ticket = ticket
}
public String getLatitude() {
return Latitude
}
public void setLatitude(String latitude) {
Latitude = latitude
}
public String getLongitude() {
return Longitude
}
public void setLongitude(String longitude) {
Longitude = longitude
}
public String getPrecision() {
return Precision
}
public void setPrecision(String precision) {
Precision = precision
}
public String getEvent() {
return Event
}
public void setEvent(String event) {
Event = event
}
public String getMsgId() {
return MsgId
}
public void setMsgId(String msgId) {
MsgId = msgId
}
public String getToUserName() {
return ToUserName
}
public void setToUserName(String toUserName) {
java调用微信支付接口方法：\x0d\x0aRequestHandlerrequestHandler=newRequestHandler(super.getRequest(),super.getResponse())\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//获取token//两小时内有效，两小时后重新获取\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aToken=requestHandler.GetToken()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//更新token到应用中\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0arequestHandler.getTokenReal()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("微信支付获取token=======================:"+Token)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//requestHandler初始化\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0arequestHandler.init()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0arequestHandler.init(appid,appsecret,appkey,partnerkey,key)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//--------------------------------本地系统生成订单-------------------------------------\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//设置package订单参数\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSortedMappackageParams=newTreeMap()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("bank_type","WX")//支付类型\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("body","xxxx")//商品描述\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("fee_type","1")//银行币种\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("input_charset","UTF-8")//字符集\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("notify_url","http://xxxx.com/xxxx/wxcallback")//通知地址这里的通知地址使用外网地址测试，注意80端口是否打开。\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("out_trade_no",no)//商户订单号\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("partner",partenerid)//设置商户号\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("spbill_create_ip",super.getRequest().getRemoteHost())//订单生成的机器IP，指用户浏览器端IP\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apackageParams.put("total_fee",String.valueOf(rstotal))//商品总金额,以分为单位\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//设置支付参数\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSortedMapsignParams=newTreeMap()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asignParams.put("appid",appid)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asignParams.put("noncestr",noncestr)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asignParams.put("traceid",PropertiesUtils.getOrderNO())\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asignParams.put("timestamp",timestamp)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asignParams.put("package",packageValue)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asignParams.put("appkey",this.appkey)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//生成支付签名，要采用URLENCODER的原始值进行SHA1算法！\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringsign=""\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0atry{\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asign=Sha1Util.createSHA1Sign(signParams)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a}catch(Exceptione){\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0ae.printStackTrace()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a}\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//增加非参与签名的额外参数\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asignParams.put("sign_method","sha1")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0asignParams.put("app_signature",sign)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//api支付拼包结束------------------------------------\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//获取prepayid\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringprepayid=requestHandler.sendPrepay(signParams)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("prepayid:"+prepayid)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//--------------------------------生成完成---------------------------------------------\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//生成预付快订单完成，返回给android,ios掉起微信所需要的参数。\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSortedMappayParams=newTreeMap()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apayParams.put("appid",appid)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apayParams.put("noncestr",noncestr)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apayParams.put("package","Sign=WXPay")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apayParams.put("partnerid",partenerid)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apayParams.put("prepayid",prepayid)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apayParams.put("appkey",this.appkey)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//这里除1000是因为参数长度限制。\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0ainttime=(int)(System.currentTimeMillis()/1000)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apayParams.put("timestamp",String.valueOf(time))\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("timestamp:"+time)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//签名\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringpaysign=""\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0atry{\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apaysign=Sha1Util.createSHA1Sign(payParams)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a}catch(Exceptione){\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0ae.printStackTrace()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a}\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apayParams.put("sign",paysign)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//拼json数据返回给客户端\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aBasicDBObjectbackObject=newBasicDBObject()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0abackObject.put("appid",appid)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0abackObject.put("noncestr",payParams.get("noncestr"))\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0abackObject.put("package","Sign=WXPay")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0abackObject.put("partnerid",payParams.get("partnerid"))\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0abackObject.put("prepayid",payParams.get("prepayid"))\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0abackObject.put("appkey",this.appkey)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0abackObject.put("timestamp",payParams.get("timestamp"))\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0abackObject.put("sign",payParams.get("sign"))\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringbackstr=dataObject.toString()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("backstr:"+backstr)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0areturnbackstr\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a====================到此为止，预付款订单已生成，并且已返回客户端====================\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//坐等微信服务器通知，通知的地址就是生成预付款订单的notify_url\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aResponseHandlerresHandler=newResponseHandler(request,response)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aresHandler.setKey(partnerkey)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//创建请求对象\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//RequestHandlerqueryReq=newRequestHandler(request,response)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//queryReq.init()\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aif(resHandler.isTenpaySign()==true){\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//商户订单号\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringout_trade_no=resHandler.getParameter("out_trade_no")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("out_trade_no:"+out_trade_no)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//财付通订单号\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringtransaction_id=resHandler.getParameter("transaction_id")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("transaction_id:"+transaction_id)\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//金额,以分为单位\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringtotal_fee=resHandler.getParameter("total_fee")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//如果有使用折扣券，discount有值，total_fee+discount=原请求的total_fee\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringdiscount=resHandler.getParameter("discount")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//支付结果\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aStringtrade_state=resHandler.getParameter("trade_state")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//判断签名及结果\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aif("0".equals(trade_state)){\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//------------------------------\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//即时到账处理业务开始\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//------------------------------\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("----------------业务逻辑执行-----------------")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//——请根据您的业务逻辑来编写程序（以上代码仅作参考）——\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("----------------业务逻辑执行完毕-----------------")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("success")//请不要修改或删除\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("即时到账支付成功")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//给财付通系统发送成功信息，财付通系统收到此结果后不再进行后续通知\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aresHandler.sendToCFT("success")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a//给微信服务器返回success否则30分钟通知8次\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0areturn"success"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a}else{\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("通知签名验证失败")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aresHandler.sendToCFT("fail")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aresponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8")\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a}\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a}else{\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aSystem.out.println("fail-Md5failed")
