CentOS+nginx+uwsgi+Python 多站点环境搭建

2023-02-28 08:44:02Python015

CentOS+nginx+uwsgi+Python 多站点环境搭建,第1张

转自 Xiongpq

http://www.cnblogs.com/xiongpq/p/3381069.html

略有补充(可能出现错误及解决办法)

环境：

CentOS X64 6.4

nginx 1.5.6

Python 2.7.5

正文：

一：安装需要的类库及Python2.7.5

安装必要的开发包

yum groupinstall "Development tools"

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel

CentOS 自带Python2.6.6，但我们可以再安装Python2.7.5：

cd ~

wget http://python.org/ftp/python/2.7.5/Python-2.7.5.tar.bz2

tar xvf Python-2.7.5.tar.bz2

cd Python-2.7.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make && make altinstall

安装完毕后，可是使用”python2.7”命令进入python2.7的环境。

二：安装Python包管理

easy_install包 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute

方便安装Python的开发包

cd ~

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.49.tar.gz

tar xf distribute-0.6.49.tar.gz

cd distribute-0.6.49python2.7 setup.py install

easy_install --version

红色部分必须是“python2.7”，否则将安装到默认的2.6环境内。

pip包 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip

安装pip的好处是可以pip list、pip uninstall 管理Python包， easy_install没有这个功能，只有uninstall

easy_install pip

pip --version

三：安装uwsgi

uwsgi: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uWSGI

uwsgi参数详解： http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Options.html

pip install uwsgi

uwsgi --version

测试uwsgi是否正常：

新建test.py文件，内容如下：

def application(env, start_response):

start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])

return "Hello World"

然后在终端运行：

uwsgi --http :8001 --wsgi-file test.py

在浏览器内输入： http://你购买的云主机公网ip:8001 ，看是否有“Hello World”输出，若没有输出，请检查你的安装过程。

四：安装django

pip install django

测试django是否正常，运行：

django-admin.py startproject demosite

cd demositepython2.7 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8002

在浏览器内输入： http://1 你购买的云主机公网 :8002，检查django是否运行正常。

五：安装nginx

cd ~

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.6.tar.gz

tar xf nginx-1.5.6.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.5.6

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.5.6 \

--with-http_stub_status_module \

--with-http_gzip_static_module

make && make install

安装Nginx时报错

错误提示：

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

安装pcre-devel与openssl-devel解决问题

yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

make

make install

六：配置uwsgi

uwsgi支持ini、xml等多种配置方式，但个人感觉ini更方便：

在/ect/目录下新建uwsgi9090.ini，添加如下配置：

[uwsgi]

socket =

master = true //主进程

vhost = true //多站模式

no-stie = true //多站模式时不设置入口模块和文件

workers = 2 //子进程数

reload-mercy = 10

vacuum = true //退出、重启时清理文件

max-requests = 1000

limit-as = 512

buffer-sizi = 30000

pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi9090.pid //pid文件，用于下面的脚本启动、停止该进程

daemonize = /website/uwsgi9090.log

设置uwsgi开机启动，在/etc/init.d/目录下新建uwsgi9090文件，内容如下：

uwsgi9090

#! /bin/sh

# chkconfig: 2345 55 25

# Description: Startup script for uwsgi webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and

# run 'update-rc.d -f uwsgi defaults', or use the appropriate command on your

# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add uwsgi'

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides: uwsgi

# Required-Start: $all

# Required-Stop: $all

# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5

# Default-Stop: 0 1 6

# Short-Description: starts the uwsgi web server

# Description: starts uwsgi using start-stop-daemon

### END INIT INFO

# Author: licess

# website: http://lnmp.org

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

DESC="uwsgi daemon"

NAME=uwsgi9090

DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/uwsgi

CONFIGFILE=/etc/$NAME.ini

PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid

SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

set -e

[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

do_start() {

$DAEMON $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "uwsgi already running"

}

do_stop() {

$DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi not running"

rm -f $PIDFILE

echo "$DAEMON STOPED."

}

do_reload() {

$DAEMON --reload $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi can't reload"

}

do_status() {

ps aux|grep $DAEMON

}

case "$1" in

status)

echo -en "Status $NAME: \n"

do_status

start)

echo -en "Starting $NAME: \n"

do_start

stop)

echo -en "Stopping $NAME: \n"

do_stop

reload|graceful)

echo -en "Reloading $NAME: \n"

do_reload

echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload}" >&2

exit 3

esac

exit 0

uwsgi9090

然后在终端执行：

-- 添加服务

chkconfig --add uwsgi9090

-- 设置开机启动

chkconfig uwsgi9090 on

七：设置nginx

找到nginx的安装目录/usr/local/nginx，打开conf/nginx.conf文件，修改server配置

server {

listen 80

server_name localhost

location / {

include uwsgi_params

uwsgi_pass //必须和uwsgi中的设置一致

index index.html index.htm

client_max_body_size 35m

}

注意：安装django这步中startproject的demosite路径，需要和nginx.conf中 uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /demosite对应上。

设置nginx开机启动，在/etc/init.d/目录下新建nginx文件，内容如下：

nginx

#!/bin/sh

# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \

# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server

# processname: nginx

# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/opt/nginx-1.5.6/sbin/nginx"

prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/opt/nginx-1.5.6/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

start() {

[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5

[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile

return $retval

}

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc $prog -QUIT

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile

return $retval

}

restart() {

configtest || return $?

stop

sleep 1

start

}

reload() {

configtest || return $?

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

killproc $nginx -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

}

force_reload() {

restart

}

configtest() {

$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}

rh_status() {

status $prog

}

rh_status_q() {

rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1

}

case "$1" in

start)

rh_status_q && exit 0

stop)

rh_status_q || exit 0

restart|configtest)

reload)

rh_status_q || exit 7

force-reload)

force_reload

status)

rh_status

condrestart|try-restart)

rh_status_q || exit 0

echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"

exit 2

esac

nginx

然后在终端执行：

-- 添加服务

chkconfig --add nginx

-- 设置开机启动

chkconfig nginx on

八：测试

OK，一切配置完毕，在终端运行

service uwsgi9090 start

service nginx start

错误1:

[root@VM_23_251_centos nginx-1.5.6]# service uwsgi9090 start

env: /etc/init.d/uwsgi9090: Permission denied

[root@VM_23_251_centos nginx-1.5.6]# service nginx start

env: /etc/init.d/nginx: Permission denied

解决办法1：把可执行勾选上

错误2：

[root@VM_23_251_centos ~]# sudo service nginx start

env: /etc/init.d/nginx: No such file or directory

解决办法1：

Be careful what text editors you use on your local Windows computer. Some create Windows-style line endings (\r\n, CR-LF), which cause problems like this on Unix-like systems such as Linux or Mac OS X.

If you use such an editor, adjust its settings so that it creates files with Unix-style line endings. If the editor has no such setting, you should not be using it at all.

文本格式由windows 改为unix版

错误3：

*** WARNING: Can't find section "uwsgi" in INI configuration file /etc/uwsgi9090.ini ***

解决办法3：

在浏览器输入： http:// 云主机公网ip，恭喜你可以看到django的“It work”了~

九：多站配置

我采用运行多个uwsgi服务的方法来实现多个站点。

重复第六步，创建uwsgi9091.ini，并相应修改文件中的

socket = 127.0.0.1:9091

pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi9091.pid

daemonize = /website/uwsgi9091.log

并创建服务uwsgi9091，设置开机启动。