<html>
<head>
<title>css菜单显示效果</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/htmlcharset=utf-8" />
<script type="text/javascript">
/**
*菜单的构造,需要绑定到onload
*/
startList = function() {
if (document.all&&document.getElementById) {
navRoot = document.getElementById("nav")
for (i=0i<navRoot.childNodes.lengthi++) {
node = navRoot.childNodes[i]
if (node.nodeName=="LI") {
node.onmouseover=function() {
this.className+=" over"
}
node.onmouseout=function() {
this.className=this.className.replace(" over", "")
}
}
}
}
}
window.onload=startList
</script>
<style type="text/css" media="all">
/**
子乌的叶子css：主样式表
这个样式表的结构参考了<a href="http://www.zeldman.com">zeldman</a>的样式表结构
update:05.11.18
author:sheneyan
*/
html {min-width: 742px}
/*css基本规则*/
img{border:0}
p.access {display:none}
div#counters{display:none}/*计数器暂时不显示*/
a{text-decoration: none}
/* 主要布局 */
body{
overflow:auto
text-align: center
margin: 0 auto
padding: 0
border: 0
background: #fff
color: #000
font: small/18px "宋体", Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif
}
/**菜单的控制，根据<a href="http://www.alistapart.com/d/horizdropdowns/horizontal2.htm">css 菜单</a>修改而来*/
ul#nav,ul#nav ul{
margin: 0 auto
text-align:left
padding: 0
list-style: none
background:#fff
z-index:99
}
ul#nav {
width:732px
display:block
height:24px
clear:both
}
ul#nav li {
position: relative
z-index:999
float:left
}
ul#nav ul li{
display:block
}
ul#nav ul {
width:100px
height:auto
position: absolute
text-align:left
left: 0px
display: none
border:solid 1px #697210
}
/*当鼠标在子菜单和父菜单上时，父菜单的样式*/
ul#nav li.over a,ul#nav li:hover a{
border-color:#E2144A
background: #fdd
font-weight:bold
color: #E2144A
}
/*将子菜单的样式清除*/
ul#nav li.over ul a,ul#nav li:hover ul a{
background:#fff
font-weight:normal
color:#777
}
/*子菜单的hover样式*/
ul#nav li.over ul a:hover,ul#nav li:hover ul a:hover{
background:#fff
font-weight:normal
color: #E2144A
background: #fdd
border-color:#E2144A
font-weight:bold
}
/* Styles for Menu Items */
ul#nav a {
font-size:14px
line-height:17px
display: block
padding:0 0 0 10px
width:78px
color: #777
height:17px
background: #fff
border-left:solid 1px #fff
border-top:solid 1px #fff
border-right:solid 1px #fff
border-bottom:solid 5px #697210
}
ul#nav ul li{
width:100px
border:0
}
/* Fix IE. Hide from IE Mac \*/
* html ul#nav li { float: leftheight: 17px}
* html ul#nav li a { height: 17px}
/* End */
ul#nav ul a { padding: 2px 0px 2px 10pxborder:0width:90px} /* Sub Menu Styles */
ul#nav li:hover ul,ul#nav li.over ul { display: block} /* The magic */
</style>
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测试css菜单显示效果<br/>
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</Html>
1.boder-radis圆角的制作
2.linear-gradient渐变背景的制作
3.box-shadow阴影效果的制作
4.transition转换效果的制作
5.transparent透明效果
6.CCS3中before的作用
实现的效果图如下：
搭建HTML容器
一级菜单ul的样式修饰：
设置一级菜单的宽度、整体居中显示、用border设置颜色为#222的1像素宽的边框、用background-color设置背景颜色为#111、用background-image和linear-gradient设置背景图片为#444和#111的渐变效果、用border-radius设置圆角边框为6px、用before和after的方式给一级ul填充内容是清除二级浮动的一种方式保证背景能够包裹所有ul内的元素
.top-nav{width:969pxmargin:60px autoborder:1px solid #222background-color:#111 background-image:linear-gradient(#444,#111)border-radius:6pxbox-shadow:0 1px 1px #777 padding:0list-style:none} .top-nav:before,.top-nav:after{content: ""display: table} .top-nav:after{clear: both}
一级菜单内li的样式修饰：
用float将所有的li左浮动、用boder-right给每一个li制作一个左边框效果、用box-shadow制作阴影效果、position：relative是为了下面二级菜单的显示二级菜单会以absolute的方式定位
.top-nav li{float: leftborder-right:1px solid #222box-shadow:1px 0 0 #444position: relative}
一级菜单内li中a元素以及鼠标移动到a元素上之后的样式修饰
这些属性比较简单，就不作一一介绍了
.top-nav li a{float:lefttext-decoration: nonepadding:12px 30pxfont-size:12pxfont-weight:boldtext-shadow: 0 2px 0 #000color: #999} .top-nav li a:hover{color: #fafafa}
二级菜单ul的样式修饰
二级菜单默认是隐藏状态，用绝对定位的方式（相对于一级菜单）将二级菜单定位在top:38pxleft:0的位置上、同样给二级菜单设置渐变背景色和阴影的效果box-shadow中的rgba属性可以制作透明度的效果、用opacity这是透明级别为0、用transition制作一个过度显示和隐藏的效果
.top-nav li ul{visibility: hiddenposition: absolutelist-style: nonetop:38pxleft: 0z-index: 1padding: 0 background-color: #444background-image: linear-gradient(#444,#111)box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3)border-radius: 3pxopacity: 0margin: 20px 0 0 0transition: all .2s ease-in-out }
当鼠标移动到一级菜单栏的时候二级菜单栏显示
hover属性的应用
.top-nav li:hover >ul{opacity: 1visibility: visiblemargin: 0}
设置二级菜单li和a的样式
方法和一级菜单的li和a的修饰差不多，不做过多的解释
.top-nav ul li{float: nonedisplay: blockborder: 0box-shadow: 0 1px 0 #111,0 2px 0 #666} .top-nav ul a{padding: 10pxwidth: 130pxdisplay: blockfloat: none} .top-nav ul a:hover{background-color: #0186babackground-image: linear-gradient(#04acec,#0186ba)} .top-nav ul li:first-child >a{border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0} .top-nav ul li:last-child >a{border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px}
三角形的制作
用css3制作三角形的的方法就是四边设置同样宽度的border，将要保留的那一边的border设置颜色，其他三边的颜色设置为透明(transparent)，则保留颜色的那一边的三角形就制作出来了
.top-nav ul li:first-child >a:before{ content: ""position: absoluteleft:40pxtop: -6px display: blockwidth: 0border-bottom: 6px solid #444border-left: 6px solid transparent border-right: 6px solid transparent } .top-nav ul li:first-child >a:hover:before{border-bottom-color:#04acec}
三级菜单位置的变换
将三级菜单定位到二级菜单的右边显示
.top-nav ul ul{top:0left: 150pxmargin: 0 0 0 20pxbox-shadow: -1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3)} .top-nav ul ul li:first-child a:before{left: -6pxtop: 50%margin-top: -6pxborder-left: 0border-bottom: 6px solid transparent border-top: 6px solid transparentborder-right: 6px solid #3b3b3b} .top-nav ul ul li:first-child a:hover:before{border-right-color:#0299d3border-bottom-color:transparent}
完整代码(其中有针对IE6的兼容性处理)
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <!--<script src="http://cdn.hcharts.cn/jquery/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>--> <title>用CSS3实现动画效果的制作</title> <style type="text/css"> .top-nav{width:969pxmargin:60px autoborder:1px solid #222background-color:#111 background-image:linear-gradient(#444,#111)border-radius:6pxbox-shadow:0 1px 1px #777 padding:0list-style:none} .top-nav:before,.top-nav:after{content: ""display: table} .top-nav:after{clear: both} /*针对IE6,_margin，_height是针对IE6的,其他浏览器中不需要*/ .top-nav{z-index: 1} .top-nav li{float: leftborder-right:1px solid #222box-shadow:1px 0 0 #444position: relative} .top-nav li a{float:lefttext-decoration: nonepadding:12px 30pxfont-size:12pxfont-weight:bold text-shadow: 0 2px 0 #000color: #999} .top-nav li a:hover{color: #fafafa} .top-nav li ul{visibility: hiddenposition: absolutelist-style: nonetop:38pxleft: 0z-index: 1padding: 0 background-color: #444background-image: linear-gradient(#444,#111)box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3) border-radius: 3pxopacity: 0margin: 20px 0 0 0transition: all .2s ease-in-out _margin:0 } .top-nav li:hover >ul{opacity: 1visibility: visiblemargin: 0} .top-nav ul li{float: nonedisplay: blockborder: 0box-shadow: 0 1px 0 #111,0 2px 0 #666} .top-nav ul a{padding: 10pxwidth: 130pxdisplay: blockfloat: none_height:10px} .top-nav ul a:hover{background-color: #0186babackground-image: linear-gradient(#04acec,#0186ba)} .top-nav ul li:first-child >a{border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0} .top-nav ul li:last-child >a{border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px} .top-nav ul li:first-child >a:before{ content: ""position: absoluteleft:40pxtop: -6px display: blockwidth: 0border-bottom: 6px solid #444border-left: 6px solid transparent border-right: 6px solid transparent } .top-nav ul li:first-child >a:hover:before{border-bottom-color:#04acec} .top-nav ul ul{top:0left: 150pxmargin: 0 0 0 20px_margin:0box-shadow: -1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.3)} .top-nav ul ul li:first-child a:before{left: -6pxtop: 50%margin-top: -6pxborder-left: 0border-bottom: 6px solid transparent border-top: 6px solid transparentborder-right: 6px solid #3b3b3b} .top-nav ul ul li:first-child a:hover:before{border-right-color:#0299d3border-bottom-color:transparent} </style> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--针对IE6处理hover的问题-->// $(function () { // if($.browser.msie &&$.broswer.version.substr(0,1)<7){ // $("li").has("ul").mouseover(function () { // $(this).children("ul").css("visibility","visible")// }).mouseout(function () { // $(this).children("ul").css("visibility","hidden")// })// } // }) </script></head><body><ul> <li><a href="#">首页</a></li> <li><a href="#">课程大厅</a></li> <li><a href="#">学习中心 +</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">视频学习</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">css</a></li> <li><a href="#">js</a></li> <li><a href="#">jquery</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">案例学习</a></li> <li><a href="#">交流平台</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">关于我们</a></li></ul></body>
